List of countries by system of government
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This is a list of countries categorized by system of government.
Presidential / Separated republics
In a presidential system, a president is the active head of the executive branch of government and is independent from the legislature. The following list includes democratic and non-democratic states:
Full presidential systems
In full presidential (also known as congressional) systems, the president is both head of state and head of government but is separated from the legislature, as are the Cabinet. There is no prime minister.
- Real world examples: United States, South Korea
Semi-presidential systems
In semi-presidential systems, the president (or equivalent officer) has genuine executive authority, unlike in a parliamentary republic, but some of the powers of the head of government are exercised by others, usually a prime minister or a cabinet. The prime minister often has more control of domestic policy, with the president dominent in foreign affairs.
- Real world examples: France, Lebanon
- Central and Eastern Visayas
- Pacitalia
- Quintessence of Dust
- Southern Cynocephali
- Swilatia
- Shivat
- Crystal Spires
- Hippostania
Parliamentary republics
- Main article: Parliamentary republic
In a parliamentary system, a prime minister is the active head of the executive branch of government and also leader of the legislature. However, there is also a president who serves as a symbolic head of state in some figurehead capacity. The following list includes democratic and non-democratic states:
- Real world examples: Finland, Germany
Absolute monarchies
An absolute monarchy is a monarchy in which the monarch is the active head of the executive branch and exercises all powers.
- Real world examples: Saudi Arabia, Vatican City State
Constitutional monarchies
- Main article: Constitutional monarchy
In a constitutional monarchy, the prime minister is the active head of the executive branch of government and also leader of the legislature. The head of state is a constitutional monarch who only exercises his or her powers with the consent of the government and is largely a figurehead.
- Real world examples: United Kingdom, Japan
Semi-constitutional monarchies
The prime minister (or equivalent) is the nation's active executive, but the monarch still has considerable political powers that can be used at his/her own independent discretion.
- Real world examples: Jordan, Kuwait
Elective monarchies
The monarch is elected into office by an electorate and reigns for life.
- Real world examples: Holy Roman Empire
Other monarchies
Monarchies that are not one of the above recognised forms.
- Anu-Asiya - Matriarchal monarchy, the Empress is nearly absolute, Regional governments can only pass minor laws
- Equestrian States - Semi-constitutional duarchy; the nation is ruled in part by two members of the royal house that share power with an elected parliament, though the royal house maintains considerable power and influence
- Green Port - not absolute, no prime minister
- Yannia - Cansëliir (prime minister) is head of government, Yann is head of state, and head of armed forces, with no political powers.
Other
Forms not recognized above.
- Saliu - Similiar to Vice-Regal Governance. head of State is Appointed by Head of Government - the Head of State has Reserve Executive Power. The Head of Government is elected directly by the voters whilst the Deputy Head of government is Elected by the Parliament. The Lower House of the Parliament acts as a Conventional Westminister Lower House being Elected in Single-Member Population-Based Elecorates. The Middle House of the Parliament acts as a Conventional Westminister Upper House being Elected in Multi-Member District & Protectorate Based Elecorates. The Upper House acts as a Unicameral Legislature for the Tribal People and another House of Review. The Upper House is Appointed and Ex-Officio Offices are given out. The judical system is that of the Westminister System.
Meritocracies
A government primarily composed of selected professionals who are chosen for their skills and abilities to lead, rather than popularly elected.
- Tulija - not absolute, lower house is elected. Upper and Cabinet are Meritocratically selected.
Theocracies
Non-democratic states based on a state religion where the head of state is selected by some form of religious hierarchy.
- Real world examples: Iran, Holy See
One-party states
Non-democratic states in which political power is concentrated within a single political party whose operations are largely fused with the government hierarchy.
Military junta states
The nation's armed forces control the organs of government and all high-ranking political executives are also members of the military hierarchy.
- Real world examples: Libya, Myanmar
Transitional
States which have a system of government which is in transition or turmoil and cannot be accurately classified.
- Real world examples: Haiti, Thailand
Systems of internal Governance
Federal
- Main article: Federation
- See also: Federal republic
States in which the federal government shares power with semi-independent regional governments. In many cases, the central government is, in theory, a creation of the regional governments.
- Real world examples: United States, Canada
Confederation
- Main article: Confederation
Possibly a subset of Federal-type governments; a Confederation or Confederacy is usually a lot looser. The usually weak central government is a creation of the member states, which are sovereign in their own internal affairs to a much greater degree than in a Federation.
- Real world examples: CSA, Iroquois Confederacy
Unitary
- Main article: Unitary state
A unitary state is governed constitutionally as a single unit, with a central government holding all constitutional power, and no constitutional powers reserved for sub-central units (eg: local governments).
- Real world examples: France, Denmark
- - Manchuria -
- Alexlantis
- Ariddia
- Bleckonia
- Kington Langley
- Lucytonia
- Magdha
- San Adriano
- Tulvania
- Valmont
- Vinovia
- Zuid-Oranje
Devolved
States in which the central government has delegated some of its powers to self-governing subsidiary governments, creating a de facto federation, with the exception that powers of subsidiary governments can be revoked by a simple resolution of the central government.
- Real world examples: United Kingdom, Spain
Regionalised unitary
States in which the central government has delegated some of its powers to regional governments.
- Real world examples: Italy, People's Republic of China
Federacy
A federacy is a country in which some substates function like states in a federation and others like states in a unitary state.
- Real world examples: France, Denmark
